Lady Science

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Lady Science no. 53

Specimen Days: Human Zoos, the 1904 World’s Fair, and the Gender of Imperialism by Erica Eisen

The Origins of American Women’s Exercise by Jess Libow

In this issue, returning contributor Erica Eisen writes about the role of sport in World’s Fairs “living exhibitions” as a test for the martial worth of nations. Jess Libow explores the origins of women’s physical education in the United States and how it served as both a tool for empowerment and for promoting a narrow biological definition of womanhood.


This issue is published in syndication with The New Inquiry.

Image credit: “A village of the Arapahoes (sic).” (Arapaho family group in front of a teepee in the Department of Anthropology at the 1904 World's Fair, December 31, 1903. Public Domain | Wikimedia Commons.